добавляю тестовые скрипты на всякий случай

app/Http/Controllers/TestController.php

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+<?php
+
+namespace App\Http\Controllers;
+
+use Illuminate\Http\Request;
+use Illuminate\Http\Response;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB;
+
+class TestController extends Controller
+{
+    public function getRoles()
+    {
+        $roles = DB::connection('mysql')->table('arch_lk_access_list')->select(['*'])->get();
+        return view('roles', ['roles' => $roles]);
+    }
+
+
+    public function getAccess($id)
+    {
+        $roles = DB::connection('mysql')->table('arch_lk_access_list')->select(['*'])->where('access_id', '=', $id)->get();
+        $response = new Response(json_encode($roles[0]));
+        $response->header('Content-type', 'text/plain');
+        $response->header('Access-Control-Allow-Methods', 'POST');
+        
+        return $response;
+    }
+
+
+    public function redirect()
+    {
+        // return redirect()->away('https://google.com');
+        //return redirect()->action([TestController::class, 'getAccess'], ['id' => 3]);
+        return redirect()->route('getAccessById', ['id' => 2]);
+    }
+
+    public function getParam(Request $rqst)
+    {
+        //echo '<pre>'; var_dump($rqst->cookie('test_cookie')); echo'</pre>';
+        //return response('test')->cookie('test_cookie', $rqst->id);
+    }
+
+    public function setRole(Request $rqst)
+    {
+        $lastInsert = DB::connection('mysql')->table('arch_lk_access_list')->insertGetId(['role' => $rqst->roleName, 'title' => $rqst->roleTitle]);
+        return redirect()->route('get_role');
+    }
+
+    public function delRole(Request $rqst)
+    {
+        $lastInsert = DB::connection('mysql')->table('arch_lk_access_list')->where('access_id', '=', $rqst->access_id)->delete();
+        return redirect()->route('get_role');
+    }
+}

app/Http/Controllers/TestDataController.php

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+<?php
+
+namespace App\Http\Controllers;
+
+use Illuminate\Http\Request;
+use App\Models\TestData;
+
+class TestDataController extends Controller
+{
+    public function insertNewData(Request $rqst)
+    {
+        $model = new TestData;
+        $model->test_int = $rqst->int;
+        $model->test_char = $rqst->char;
+
+        $model->save();
+    }
+
+}

app/Http/Controllers/TestFormController.php

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+<?php
+
+namespace App\Http\Controllers;
+
+use App\Models\TestFormModel;
+use Illuminate\Http\Request;
+
+class TestFormController extends Controller
+{
+    public function getForm()
+    {
+        return view('test_form');
+    }
+
+    public function setForm(Request $rqst)
+    {
+        $testTable = new TestFormModel;
+        $testTable->first_name = $rqst->first_name;
+        $testTable->last_name = $rqst->last_name;
+        $testTable->department_name = $rqst->department_name;
+        $testTable->save();
+
+        return redirect('/test_table');
+    }
+}